a = matrix(
   c(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9), 
   nrow =3, 
   ncol =3, 
   byrow =TRUE 
   )
cat("The 3x3matrix:\n") 
print(a)
cat("Adding Ito every element:\n")
 print(a +1)
cat("Subtracting 3 fromeach element: \n")
 print(a-3)
cat("Multiplying each element by 10:\n") 
print(a *10)
cat("Squaring each element:\n") 
print(a^2)
cat("Doubled each element of original matrix:\n") 
print(a *2)